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Birds of the Danube Delta

The Danube Delta is a true paradise for birdwatchers and nature lovers, being one of the richest bird regions in Europe. Over 300 bird species, including both resident and migratory, can be seen here. The variety of habitats, from marshes and lakes to floodplain forests and sand dunes, provide an ideal setting for diverse species. Birds are best seen in spring and autumn, during migration, but also in summer, when species nest. Popular viewing areas include the Red and Gorgova lakes, as well as less accessible canals, where birds can be seen up close in the tranquillity of nature.

Birdwatching in the Danube Delta, Romania
Ardea alba - Great egret

Birds play key roles in the Danube Delta ecosystem

They help control insect and fish populations, pollinate plants and disperse seeds, thereby promoting biodiversity. Through their role as both predators and consumers, they help maintain a vital ecological balance that supports overall habitat health and ecosystem services that benefit humans. Protecting birds in the Danube Delta is in fact protecting one of Europe's greatest natural heritages.

Behaviour, Migration, Trapping

The birds of the Danube Delta put on an annual migratory show, with tens of thousands of birds travelling through the region from all over the world. The Danube Delta serves as an important stopover and feeding ground. Resident species, such as herons and pelicans, build nests in large colonies, both on the ground and in trees, and caring for the young is often a joint effort between partners. Behaviour ranges from distinct feeding styles to complex social interactions in colonies or large groups on the water.

Diet and food

The dietary diversity of birds in the Danube Delta reflects its extraordinary ecosystem. Bird species feed on fish, amphibians and insects, as well as aquatic vegetation, seeds and fruit. Sturgeons and ducks can be seen hunting for insects in the mud, while pelicans and cormorants often work together in large groups to fish efficiently. This diversity in diet contributes not only to the survival of individual species, but also to maintaining the ecological balance of the delta.

Threats

Birds in the Danube Delta face many threats, including habitat destruction through agricultural expansion, poaching, uncontrolled tourism and pesticide use. Climate change, which affects water levels and food availability, is an additional challenge. To protect these special species, concerted efforts are needed to conserve natural habitats and promote sustainable tourism.

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