The dunlin

The dunlin are a migratory species, spending winters in the warmer regions of southern Europe, Africa and southern Asia, and migrating northwards in summer to breed in the Arctic tundra and northern parts of Europe and Asia. Nesting usually takes place in damp areas, the nest being a small, grassy hollow. Fledges form large groups during migration and can often be seen in organised, seemingly synchronised flights.

Calidris alpina

Description and how to observe The dunlin:

The Dunlin is a small bird, about 17-21 cm long with a wingspan of 32-36 cm. Its plumage varies with the season, with a reddish-brown back and white breast with black spots during the breeding season, and a more uniform grey plumage outside the breeding season. To observe this species in the Danube Delta, it is recommended to look for areas with sandy banks and salt marshes, where the bird feeds and rests.

What it feeds on The dunlin:

The diet of the Dunlin is varied, consisting mainly of aquatic insects, small crustaceans, worms and molluscs. These birds probe the sand and silt with their slender, curved beaks to capture prey, making them easily recognisable on the ground while feeding.

Threats:

Main threats to Calidris alpina - dunlin include the destruction of natural habitats caused by human activities, water pollution and climate change affecting migratory nesting and staging areas. Disturbance from uncontrolled tourism and poaching are also risk factors in some areas.

Ecological role:

The Dunlin plays an important role in delta and coastal ecosystems, helping to control aquatic invertebrate populations. Through foraging, it helps aerate the soil and maintain ecological balance in coastal habitats and salt marshes.

More information on Calidris alpina:

This species is often used as an indicator of the health of coastal habitats due to its sensitivity to environmental change. Monitoring populations of the Dunlin can provide essential information on the state of ecosystems in the Danube Delta and similar regions.

For ornithologists and nature enthusiasts, watching the shore vagrant provides a fascinating opportunity to understand the migratory behaviour and remarkable adaptations of wading birds.